Sun for bone health

The role of vitamin D on calcium absorption efficiency improvement has lasted millions of years ago. Calcium is the major component of the framework of vertebrates (vertebrate creatures) low level of living in the ocean. The development of the vertebrate skeleton to give them the opportunity-through the process of evolution, to move to the land. To be able to survive on land, where calcium is limited, they developed an efficient method to use calcium. Vitamin D is responsible for the task.
Until the 1980s, vitamin D is best known for his role in the process of bone and teeth formation, including preventing bone loss. However, entering this century, we get good news about the role of vitamin D to health, in addition to the role is known. Various epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to sunlight, which increases production of vitamin D in the skin, contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer, type 1 diabetes, and hypertension.
METABOLISM
There are two sources of vitamin D to use the body. First, the raw material of vitamin D (vitamin D3) of food, once absorbed in the intestine, taken to heart. Vitamin D3 in the liver converted into 25-hidroksivitamin D3 25 (OH) D3. Furthermore, 25 (OH) D3 in kidney. In the kidneys, the vitamin is converted into vitamin D is active: 1.25-dihidroksivitamin D3 [1.25 (OH) D3].
Source of vitamin D that is contained provitamin D3 in the skin. Provitamin D3 (7-dehidrokolesterol) is the product of the synthesis of cholesterol and ergosterol. Produced abundant provitamin D3 in the skin of vertebrate animals, including humans. When skin is exposed to sunlight, provitamin D3 to epidermis and dermis cells skin absorbs ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation and then change the provitamin D3 to previtamin D3. Due to previtamin D3 can not stand the heat, warming a little to turn it into vitamin D3. Furthermore, vitamin D3 enters the liver and kidneys to convert vitamin D into active.
EFFECTS OF DEFICIENCY
Has long been known that people who live in the hemisphere at latitude (polar) higher face a greater risk to suffer chronic diseases such as cancer and hypertension. In 1941, the Journal of Cancer Research published his observations that show that people who live in Massachusetts and New Hampshire (high latitudes) have a higher risk of dying from cancer than the risk in people who live in Georgia and South Carolina (low latitude). Furthermore, in 1979 the Journal of Hypertension turn that revealed that people who live in higher latitudes, both in Europe and in America, have a higher risk of suffering from hypertension.
Until the year 1990, researchers still do not fully understand why this can happen. Various studies carried out decades of the 1990s give an answer to this question. Holick, from sexy Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, has summarized some research results related to the "new role" of vitamin D to health. Through its publication in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in March 2004 issue, Holick says vitamin D is important for the prevention of cancer, type 1 diabetes, and hypertension.
MECHANISM
The role of vitamin D in prevention of chronic diseases began to unfold when the experts found that nearly all the body's tissues and cells, including heart, stomach, pancreas, brain, skin, and limposit, a receptor-side recipient-to vitamin D. This indicates that vitamin D is needed by the network. One important finding is the ability of vitamin D to reduce the proliferation (rapid multiplication) of cancer cells. Various cancer cells, such as colon cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer; have the tools to change enzimatis vitamin D that are inactive become active vitamins. The next role of vitamin D regulate cell growth and decrease penggandaannya activity.
Therefore, it is reasonable that people who live in areas at higher latitudes have a cancer risk greater. They are at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency because exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet rays) is lower.
Vitamin D receptor was also present on T and B limposit and active macrophages (immune system component). Disease, autoimmune diseases, antibodies to the formation of the most common, such as diabetes type 1, has successfully prevented the animal (which is made highly susceptible to this disease), with vitamin D3. The risk of developing type 1diabetes in mice try to decrease 80 percent. Research on children also shows a consistent thing. Consumption of vitamin D 2000IU at the age 1tahun can reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes by 80 percent.
Research on hypertension showed that those who are exposed to ultraviolet light for three months increased the concentration of active vitamin D in their blood flow by 180percent. As a result, a decline in diastolic blood pressure and systolic, each for 6 mmHg. This figure is equivalent to the expected decline if taking blood pressure-lowering drugs. Vitamin D is effectively regulate angiotensin (a protein responsible for the increase in blood pressure) and renin (an enzyme that analys formation).
While living in the tropics, where sun exposure lasted throughout the year, we remain at risk of vitamin D deficiency Activities take place most of his time indoors, for example in office buildings or factories that do not get direct sunlight, is one cause. The habit of using clothes that cover most of the body also plays a role inhibiting the entry of ultraviolet radiation to the skin.